About the reserve

Vann Lake is a fine example of ancient woodland on weald clay, surrounding an eight-acre man-made lake that is thought to date from the mid- 18^th century, when a forest gill was dammed to form a ‘hammer pond’ to power a mill that was never built.

Walking along the lakeside, you pass through and catch glimpses of several different habitats, including wet and dry woodland and open water. Alder dominates the damp areas and oak the drier parts, with other examples of lime, birch, ash, hazel and beech. Keen eyes may even spot a single mature wild-service tree on the north-west side.

At your feet the flora changes with the geology. There is bramble, honeysuckle and ground ivy on the weald clay, with opposite-leaved golden saxifrage in the damp areas. Woodland plants include spurge laurel, Forster’s wood rush, greater butterfly orchid, violet helleborine, wood anemone and moschatel, or town hall clock. At the lake edge you will find water mint, nodding bur-marigold and marsh marigold, while in the water there is reedmace, common reed and yellow flag, along with white and yellow water-lilies.

However, Vann Lake is best known for fungi. More than 900 species have been recorded here, including six species new to Britain, and Stypella crystallina, a species first identified here. With so many oak trees, the reserve also supports hundreds of invertebrate species, including the purple hairstreak butterfly. Other typical woodland butterflies include the purple emperor, white admiral and silver-washed fritillary.

17 dragonfly and damselfly species include the uncommon downy emerald and shiny emerald. A nationally rare cranefly Molophilus lackschewitzianus occurs along the gill, while the locally rare cranefly Limonia didyma breeds among mosses at the water outflow below the lake.

Around ten species of fish live in the lake, including bream, roach, tench and pike. And more than 100 bird species have been recorded, including kingfishers, marsh tits, lesser spotted woodpeckers and hawfinches.