Instead, the UK Government is pursuing a dangerous agenda of deregulation that puts the very laws protecting wildlife at risk.
Deregulation means removing rules and protections, often characterised as “cutting red tape”. In reality, it means polluters can get away with poisoning our rivers and countryside. It also means ripping up the rules that protect our most important wildlife sites from damage and removing funding that supports farmers to restore wildlife across our landscapes.
The Retained EU Law Bill – introduced into the House of Commons by Business Secretary, Jacob Rees-Mogg – will reform and revoke hundreds of laws that have their origins in policies from the European Union. Whatever our views on Brexit, many of these laws provide vital environmental protections for our air, rivers, wildlife and food standards. They helped remove the UK’s 1970’s reputation of being the ‘dirty man of Europe’ by cleaning up our waters. Changing these laws entails extensive procedural change with little benefit for nature and could lead to more litigation and greater costs for both developers and conservationists. If retained EU legislation is replaced with weaker alternatives, our natural environment will be left unprotected from those who prioritise profit over protecting the planet.
Rather than pursuing its deregulation agenda, we need the UK Government to:
1. Strengthen the rules that protect our most important wildlife and habitats – don’t just remove them.
Defra has more EU retained law than any other Government department, with 570 retained laws on environmental issues. Key laws include the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations, the cornerstone protection for our most treasured sites, and the Water Framework Directives that set strict standards for pollution of rivers. The Air Quality Standards Regulations impose limits for toxic air pollution, whilst the Marine Strategy Regulations ensures the government protects our seas.
The removal of the Habitats Regulations is a particular concern. They defend 18.8 million hectares of our most precious wildlife across the UK from inappropriate and damaging development – from the New Forest and Norfolk Broads, to hazel dormice and harbour porpoises. Without them, nature will struggle to secure us against the impacts of climate change, prevent flooding, and provide people with wellbeing benefits. Protections like the Habitats Regulations must be strengthened, not removed, if we are to have any hope of delivering on the UK Government’s own promises for nature’s restoration.
2. Increase support for nature friendly farming to secure a sustainable future for British farming and nature.
The Government’s Food Security Report 2021 is clear: ‘‘The biggest medium to long term risk to the UK’s domestic production comes from climate change and other environmental pressures like soil degradation, water quality and biodiversity”. The estimated cost to UK farmers of soil degradation alone is £1.2 billion each year. To secure a sustainable future for British food and farming, we need more nature.
Delays to schemes to reward farmers to restore nature would be bad value for money, providing billions of taxpayer funding to the wealthiest farms in England, hold back the recovery of nature, and hinder the UK’s progress to Net Zero. The UK Government must urgently announce details of its long-awaited proposals for a local nature recovery scheme for farmers and reverse the cut in funding for large-scale landscape and river restoration.
3. Set a legally binding target to ensure nature is in a better state by 2042.
The UK Government’s current nature target would mean there is less nature in England in 20 years' time. With wildlife populations the lowest they have ever been, and once common species under threat of being lost forever, this is simply unacceptable. We need a target that will guarantee in law the promise of passing on nature in a better state to the next generation. The Government should raise their ambition and set a target to increase the abundance of wildlife by at least 20% compared to current levels.